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Romans used a primative form of transit or theodolite, called a groma as well as a more advanced version called the dioptra. Combined with basic mathematics, a known reference length (we use 100ft chains in the modern era), the angle measuring of the groma and dioptra allowed them to do the surveying required as easily as we do it today. Surveying hasn't really changed apart from the scale of the magnitude and rate it gets done at thanks to modern electronic systems and GPS.

There's absolutely nothing mysterious about how they did it, because if you've ever done surveying, you would know how they did it, since you yourself would have done it.

get your fucking common sense outta here, we are hyping up the spaghetti niggers today.

Meh, ox wagons typically carried 3-5 tons.